Harry Harlow's famous experiment with rhesus monkeys aimed to understand the nature of attachment in infants. He challenged the prevailing belief that infants bond with their mothers primarily because of the food they provide.
Harlow designed two surrogate mothers: one made of wire mesh that provided food and another made of soft terry cloth that provided comfort. He observed the monkeys' behavior and found that the monkeys overwhelmingly preferred the cloth mother, spending more time with her and seeking comfort from her even when the wire mother provided food.
Conclusion:
Harlow's study concluded that comfort and security are essential for infant attachment. The monkeys' preference for the cloth mother, even when the wire mother provided nourishment, demonstrated that contact comfort plays a vital role in the development of secure attachments. This finding challenged the prevailing behavioralist theories of the time, which emphasized the role of reinforcement in learning.
Implications:
Harlow's research had significant implications for our understanding of child development and the importance of emotional security in early childhood. It helped us to:
- Recognize the importance of physical contact and affection in infant development.
- Understand the long-term effects of deprivation and neglect on children.
- Develop more effective parenting strategies that prioritize emotional security.
Practical Insights:
Harlow's study provides practical insights for parents and caregivers:
- Hold and cuddle your baby frequently.
- Provide a safe and secure environment for your child.
- Respond to your child's emotional needs promptly and consistently.
Summary:
Harlow's study revolutionized our understanding of infant attachment. It demonstrated the crucial role of comfort and security in early childhood development, challenging the traditional view that food is the primary factor driving infant attachment.
