There are many different types of ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis), but four main categories are commonly recognized:
1. Discrete Trial Training (DTT)
DTT is a structured method where the therapist presents a specific task or stimulus, the learner responds, and the therapist provides immediate feedback.
This approach is often used to teach basic skills like language, social skills, and self-care.
Example: A therapist might present a picture of a dog and say "Dog," then ask the learner to repeat the word.
2. Naturalistic Behavioral Intervention (NBI)
NBI focuses on teaching skills in natural environments, like home, school, or community settings.
This approach emphasizes integrating learning opportunities into daily routines and activities.
Example: A therapist might teach a child to request a toy by having them point and say "Want" while playing with other children.
3. Verbal Behavior Therapy (VBT)
VBT focuses on teaching language skills based on the principles of verbal behavior.
This approach emphasizes understanding the function of language and using strategies to increase communicative skills.
Example: A therapist might teach a child to use different types of questions (e.g., "What is that?" "Where is the ball?") to understand the world around them.
4. Pivotal Response Training (PRT)
PRT focuses on teaching skills that are "pivotal" to learning and development, such as motivation, self-regulation, and social initiation.
This approach encourages the learner's natural interests and uses play-based activities to promote learning.
Example: A therapist might use a child's love of dinosaurs to teach them to follow instructions, take turns, and solve problems.
