A fully controlled converter is a type of power electronic device that allows complete control over the output voltage and current. It uses switching devices, such as thyristors or IGBTs, to regulate the flow of power from a DC source to an AC load.
How it Works:
- Switching Devices: The converter utilizes switching devices to control the flow of current. These devices, like thyristors or IGBTs, can be turned on and off at specific times, allowing for precise control over the output waveform.
- Firing Angle: The switching devices are triggered at a specific angle within the AC cycle, known as the firing angle. By adjusting the firing angle, the converter can vary the output voltage and current.
- Output Voltage: The output voltage of a fully controlled converter can be varied from zero to the peak value of the input voltage. This is achieved by changing the firing angle.
Types of Fully Controlled Converters:
There are two main types of fully controlled converters:
- Single-Phase Converters: These converters are used to convert single-phase AC power to DC power. They are commonly used in applications like battery charging and motor control.
- Three-Phase Converters: These converters are used to convert three-phase AC power to DC power. They are often used in high-power applications like industrial drives and power supplies.
Advantages of Fully Controlled Converters:
- Precise Control: Fully controlled converters allow for precise control over the output voltage and current.
- Wide Range of Applications: They are used in a wide range of applications, including motor control, battery charging, and power supplies.
- High Efficiency: They can achieve high efficiency due to the use of switching devices.
Applications:
Fully controlled converters are used in various applications, including:
- Motor Control: They are used to control the speed and torque of AC motors.
- Battery Charging: They are used to charge batteries efficiently and safely.
- Power Supplies: They are used in power supplies for various electronic devices.
- Welding: They are used in welding applications to control the welding current and arc length.
Conclusion:
Fully controlled converters offer a high level of control over output voltage and current, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. They are essential components in power electronic systems for various industrial and consumer applications.
