IPv6 addresses are not assigned in the same way as IPv4 addresses. Instead of being allocated to organizations and individuals, they are automatically generated using a process called stateless address autoconfiguration (SLAAC).
Here's how it works:
- Interface ID: Every network interface card (NIC) has a unique identifier, known as the interface ID. This ID is used to generate a portion of the IPv6 address.
- Prefix: Network administrators assign a prefix to each network. This prefix identifies the network on the internet.
- Combining Prefix and Interface ID: The IPv6 address is created by combining the network prefix with the interface ID.
For example:
- Network Prefix: 2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/64
- Interface ID: 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
- IPv6 Address: 2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
This process ensures that each device on the network has a unique IPv6 address, eliminating the need for centralized allocation.
Benefits of SLAAC:
- Simplified Address Management: No need for manual configuration or address assignment.
- Scalability: Allows for a vast number of devices to connect to the internet.
- Flexibility: Devices can easily move between networks without requiring address changes.
Note: While SLAAC is the primary method for IPv6 address generation, there are other methods like DHCPv6 that can be used for more complex network configurations.
