Yes, playing guitar can definitely make your fingers stronger.
The repetitive motions of pressing down on strings and strumming exercises your finger muscles, leading to increased strength and dexterity.
This is similar to how weightlifting builds muscle strength. However, guitar playing focuses on fine motor skills and endurance, rather than the bulk-building power of weightlifting.
You'll notice your fingers becoming more capable of holding down chords for longer periods, improving your dexterity and overall playing ability.
The increased strength will also help you play faster and more accurately.