A placenta is considered high-risk when it's positioned abnormally or when it has certain characteristics that could affect the baby's health.
Placenta Previa
- Definition: The placenta is positioned low in the uterus, partially or completely covering the cervix.
- Risk Factors: Previous C-sections, multiple pregnancies, smoking, and advanced maternal age.
- Complications: Bleeding during pregnancy, premature birth, and fetal growth restriction.
Placenta Accreta Spectrum
- Definition: The placenta attaches too deeply to the uterine wall, sometimes even growing into the muscle.
- Risk Factors: Previous C-sections, previous placenta accreta, and uterine fibroids.
- Complications: Severe bleeding after delivery, requiring a hysterectomy.
Placental Abruption
- Definition: The placenta detaches prematurely from the uterine wall, disrupting blood flow to the baby.
- Risk Factors: High blood pressure, smoking, cocaine use, and trauma.
- Complications: Fetal distress, premature birth, and even stillbirth.
Other High-Risk Placenta Conditions
- Placenta Abnormalities: Abnormally shaped placenta, multiple placentas, or a placenta that is too small or too large.
- Placental Infarcts: Small areas of the placenta that have died, potentially affecting blood flow.
- Placental Calcifications: Calcium deposits in the placenta, which can also affect blood flow.
These are just some examples of high-risk placentas. It is important to consult with your doctor if you have any concerns about your pregnancy or your placenta.
