Sinusitis is an inflammation or swelling of the tissue lining the sinuses. The most common cause of sinusitis is a viral infection, similar to the common cold.
Here are some other reasons that can cause sinusitis:
- Bacterial infection: This occurs when bacteria infect the sinuses, often after a viral infection.
- Fungal infection: While less common, fungal infections can also cause sinusitis, especially in people with weakened immune systems.
- Allergies: Allergic reactions can trigger inflammation in the sinuses, leading to sinusitis.
- Nasal polyps: These noncancerous growths in the nose can block the sinus openings, causing sinusitis.
- Structural abnormalities: Deviations in the nasal septum or other structural issues can impede drainage and contribute to sinusitis.
Sinusitis can also be caused by environmental factors like:
- Dry air: Dry air can irritate the nasal passages and make it harder to clear mucus, increasing the risk of sinusitis.
- Smoking: Smoking irritates the sinuses and weakens the immune system, making people more susceptible to sinusitis.
- Air pollution: Exposure to air pollution can also irritate the sinuses and contribute to sinusitis.
Understanding the cause of sinusitis is important for effective treatment. Depending on the underlying cause, treatment options may include antibiotics, antifungals, nasal corticosteroids, or decongestants.
