Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG)
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a rare and aggressive type of brain tumor that occurs in the pons, a part of the brainstem. It primarily affects children, with most cases diagnosed between the ages of 5 and 9.
Symptoms of DIPG
DIPG symptoms often develop gradually and can vary depending on the tumor's size and location. Some common signs include:
- Double vision (diplopia)
- Headaches
- Nausea and vomiting
- Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body
- Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
- Slurred speech (dysarthria)
- Loss of balance (ataxia)
- Changes in behavior or personality
Causes of DIPG
The exact cause of DIPG is unknown, but it is thought to be a result of genetic mutations.
Diagnosis of DIPG
DIPG is typically diagnosed through a combination of imaging tests, such as:
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Computed tomography (CT) scan
- Biopsy
Treatment of DIPG
Unfortunately, DIPG is currently incurable. Treatment options are focused on managing symptoms and extending life expectancy. These may include:
- Radiation therapy
- Chemotherapy
- Clinical trials
Prognosis of DIPG
The prognosis for DIPG is poor, with a median survival time of 9 to 12 months. However, ongoing research is exploring new treatments and therapies that may improve outcomes.
