NEAD stands for Non-Epileptic Attack Disorder, also known as Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES). It is a condition where people experience seizures that are similar to epileptic seizures but are not caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
Symptoms of NEAD
Symptoms of NEAD can be very similar to those of epileptic seizures and can include:
- Loss of consciousness: This can range from a brief lapse in awareness to complete unconsciousness.
- Muscle spasms or jerking: This can involve the entire body or just certain parts, such as the arms or legs.
- Changes in behavior: This can include confusion, agitation, or emotional outbursts.
- Sensory disturbances: This can include seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not real.
- Involuntary movements: This can include shaking, trembling, or twitching.
Key Differences between NEAD and Epilepsy
While the symptoms of NEAD and epilepsy can be similar, there are some key differences:
- Duration: NEAD attacks often last longer than epileptic seizures.
- Movement patterns: NEAD attacks may involve more purposeful movements, such as thrashing or rolling.
- Triggers: NEAD attacks are often triggered by emotional stress or psychological factors.
- EEG: An electroencephalogram (EEG), a test that measures brain activity, usually does not show any abnormal activity during NEAD attacks.
Diagnosis and Treatment
If you are experiencing seizures, it is important to see a doctor for a diagnosis. A doctor will likely perform an EEG and other tests to rule out epilepsy. If NEAD is diagnosed, treatment will typically involve:
- Psychotherapy: This can help to address any underlying psychological factors that may be contributing to the attacks.
- Medication: While medication is not typically used to treat NEAD, it may be used to manage any associated symptoms, such as anxiety or depression.
