Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic condition that can cause a variety of physical characteristics, including distinctive facial features. One of these features is the appearance of the eyes.
Eye Features in Down Syndrome
People with Down syndrome often have upslanting palpebral fissures, which means that the opening between their eyelids slopes upwards towards the temples. This can give the eyes a slightly almond-shaped appearance.
Additionally, individuals with Down syndrome may have epicanthal folds, which are small folds of skin that cover the inner corner of the eye. These folds can sometimes make the eyes appear smaller or more widely spaced.
Other eye-related characteristics that may be present in Down syndrome include:
- Brushfield spots: These are small white spots that appear on the iris (the colored part of the eye).
- Myopia (nearsightedness): This is a common condition in people with Down syndrome.
- Strabismus (crossed eyes): This occurs when the eyes do not align properly.
- Cataracts: These are clouding of the lens of the eye, which can impair vision.
Causes of Eye Differences
These eye features are caused by the extra copy of chromosome 21, which is present in people with Down syndrome. This extra chromosome affects the development of the face and other parts of the body, including the eyes.
Importance of Eye Care
It's important for people with Down syndrome to receive regular eye exams, as they are at increased risk for certain eye conditions. Early detection and treatment of eye problems can help to prevent vision loss.
