Several medications can trigger autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), a condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks red blood cells.
Medications that can cause AIHA:
- Penicillin: This common antibiotic is a known cause of AIHA, especially in individuals with a history of allergies to penicillin.
- Cephalosporins: These antibiotics are structurally similar to penicillin and can also trigger AIHA in some individuals.
- Quinidine: This anti-arrhythmic drug is often associated with drug-induced AIHA, particularly in patients with underlying autoimmune conditions.
- Methyldopa: This antihypertensive medication is a well-known cause of AIHA, particularly in individuals of African descent.
- Levodopa: This medication used for Parkinson's disease can also cause AIHA in some cases.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Some NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and naproxen, can contribute to AIHA in rare instances.
Other factors that can contribute to AIHA:
- Viral infections: Certain viruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus, can trigger AIHA.
- Autoimmune diseases: Individuals with existing autoimmune conditions, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, are at an increased risk of developing AIHA.
- Cancer: Some types of cancer, such as lymphoma and leukemia, can increase the risk of AIHA.
Identifying the cause of AIHA:
It is important to consult a healthcare professional to determine the cause of AIHA. They will perform a thorough medical history, physical examination, and blood tests to identify the underlying cause.
Note: This list is not exhaustive, and other medications may contribute to AIHA.
