RUV stands for retrograde urethrovesical reflux. It is a condition where urine flows backward from the bladder into the urethra. This usually happens during urination, but can also occur at other times.
Causes of RUV
- Urethral stricture: A narrowing of the urethra can make it difficult for urine to flow out, causing it to back up into the bladder.
- Urethral valve: A flap of tissue in the urethra can act as a valve, blocking the flow of urine and causing reflux.
- Urethral diverticulum: A pouch or sac in the urethra can trap urine and cause reflux.
- Urethral trauma: Injury to the urethra can cause damage that leads to reflux.
Symptoms of RUV
- Pain or discomfort during urination: This is a common symptom of RUV, as the backward flow of urine can irritate the urethra.
- Frequent urination: RUV can cause the bladder to empty incompletely, leading to frequent urination.
- Urinary incontinence: In some cases, RUV can cause urine leakage.
- Blood in the urine: This can occur if the reflux is severe or if there is an underlying infection.
Diagnosis of RUV
A doctor can diagnose RUV by performing a physical exam and reviewing the patient's medical history. Imaging tests, such as a cystourethrogram, may be used to visualize the urethra and bladder and confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment of RUV
Treatment for RUV depends on the underlying cause. Some possible treatments include:
- Medication: Antibiotics can be used to treat any underlying infection.
- Surgery: If a urethral stricture or valve is present, surgery may be necessary to correct the problem.
- Catheterization: In some cases, a catheter may be used to drain the bladder and prevent reflux.
Conclusion
RUV is a condition that can cause a variety of symptoms, including pain, discomfort, and urinary incontinence. Treatment for RUV depends on the underlying cause.
