There is no single test that can definitively confirm lupus. Instead, a diagnosis is made based on a combination of factors, including medical history, physical examination, and various laboratory tests.
Factors Used to Diagnose Lupus
- Medical History: Doctors will ask about your symptoms, family history of autoimmune diseases, and any medications you are taking.
- Physical Examination: Doctors will examine you for signs of lupus, such as rashes, joint swelling, or fatigue.
- Laboratory Tests: These tests help identify specific antibodies and other abnormalities in your blood that are associated with lupus. Some common tests include:
- Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) Test: This is a general test that detects antibodies that attack the cell nucleus. It is often the first test done to screen for lupus, but it can also be positive in other conditions.
- Anti-dsDNA Antibody Test: This test looks for antibodies that attack a specific part of the DNA called double-stranded DNA. It is more specific for lupus than the ANA test.
- Complement Levels: This test measures the levels of proteins in your blood that help fight infection. Low complement levels can suggest lupus.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): This test checks the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in your blood. Abnormalities in these counts can be associated with lupus.
Diagnosis Process
Doctors will use the results of these tests and other information to make a diagnosis. It is important to note that a positive test result does not always mean that you have lupus. Other factors, such as your symptoms and medical history, will also be considered.
Seeking a Diagnosis
If you suspect you may have lupus, it is important to see a doctor for a diagnosis. They can help you understand your options and develop a treatment plan.
