Fish eye disease, also known as spherophakia, is a rare genetic disorder that affects the lens of the eye.
What is Fish Eye Disease?
Fish eye disease is characterized by a small, round lens that is more spherical than normal. This abnormal shape of the lens can cause a number of vision problems, including:
- Myopia (nearsightedness): Difficulty seeing distant objects clearly.
- Astigmatism: Blurred vision at all distances due to an irregularly shaped cornea.
- Cataracts: Clouding of the lens, which can cause blurry vision.
- Glaucoma: Increased pressure inside the eye, which can damage the optic nerve.
Genetics of Fish Eye Disease
Fish eye disease is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. This means that a person only needs to inherit one copy of the mutated gene from either parent to develop the condition.
The gene responsible for fish eye disease is called CRYAA. Mutations in this gene can affect the development of the lens, leading to the characteristic spherical shape.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Fish eye disease is usually diagnosed during a routine eye exam. An ophthalmologist can examine the lens of the eye and determine if it is abnormally shaped.
Treatment for fish eye disease depends on the severity of the vision problems. Some people may only need glasses or contact lenses to correct their vision. Others may require surgery to remove the lens and replace it with an artificial lens.
Conclusion
Fish eye disease is a rare genetic disorder that affects the lens of the eye. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and can cause a variety of vision problems. Treatment options include glasses, contact lenses, and surgery.
