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How to Calculate Percentage?

Published in Mathematics 2 mins read

Calculating percentages is a fundamental mathematical operation used in various contexts. It involves expressing a part of a whole as a fraction of 100. Here's how to calculate percentages:

1. Understanding the Basics

  • Percentage: A percentage represents a part of a whole, expressed as a fraction of 100. The symbol "%" represents "per cent," meaning "out of one hundred."

  • Formula: The basic formula to calculate percentage is:

    *(Part / Whole) 100 = Percentage**

2. Step-by-Step Calculation

Let's break down the process with an example:

Scenario: You scored 45 out of 60 marks in a test. What is your percentage score?

  1. Identify the Part and Whole:

    • Part: Your score is 45.
    • Whole: The total marks are 60.

  2. Divide the Part by the Whole: 45 / 60 = 0.75

  3. Multiply the Result by 100: 0.75 * 100 = 75

  4. Add the Percentage Symbol: 75%

Therefore, your percentage score is 75%.

3. Using a Calculator

Most calculators have a percentage key (%). To calculate a percentage using a calculator:

  1. Enter the Part: For example, enter 45.
  2. Press the Division Key: Press the division symbol (/).
  3. Enter the Whole: Enter 60.
  4. Press the Percentage Key: Press the "%" key.

The calculator will directly display the percentage, which in this case is 75%.

4. Practical Insights

  • Calculating Discounts: Suppose a product costs $100 and has a 20% discount. You can calculate the discount amount by multiplying the original price by the discount percentage: $100 * 0.20 = $20.
  • Finding a Percentage of a Number: To find 15% of 200, multiply the number by the percentage as a decimal: 200 * 0.15 = 30.
  • Converting Fractions to Percentages: Divide the numerator of the fraction by the denominator and multiply by 100. For example, 1/4 = 0.25, and 0.25 * 100 = 25%.

5. Key Takeaways

  • Percentages are a convenient way to express parts of a whole.
  • The basic formula for calculating percentages is (Part / Whole) * 100.
  • Calculators can simplify percentage calculations.
  • Percentages are widely used in various applications, including finance, statistics, and everyday life.

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