Before the advent of Islam in the 7th century CE, the clothing worn by Arabs varied significantly based on factors such as region, climate, social status, and tribe.
Pre-Islamic Arabian Clothing: A Diverse Tapestry
1. Basic Garments:
- Tunic (Qamis): This loose-fitting, long-sleeved garment was a staple for both men and women. It could be made from various materials, including cotton, wool, or leather.
- Cloak (Abayah): A long, flowing cloak worn over the tunic for added warmth and protection from the elements.
- Headscarf (Khimaar): Worn by women to cover their hair, often made from silk or cotton.
- Turban (Imamah): Worn by men as a head covering, often made from wool or cotton.
- Sandals (Nu'al): Made from leather or woven materials, these were common footwear.
2. Regional Variations:
- Bedouin Arabs: Nomadic tribes living in the desert wore simple, practical clothing made from animal hides and wool.
- Urban Arabs: Inhabitants of cities and towns wore more elaborate clothing made from finer materials like silk and cotton.
3. Social Status:
- Wealthy Arabs: Often wore brightly colored clothing made from luxurious fabrics like silk and brocade.
- Poor Arabs: Wore more basic clothing made from coarser materials like wool and cotton.
4. Tribal Identity:
- Different tribes often had specific clothing styles or ornaments that distinguished them from others.
5. Influence of Neighboring Cultures:
- Trade and cultural exchange with neighboring civilizations like the Persians and Byzantines led to the adoption of certain clothing styles and materials.
Beyond Garments: Adornments and Accessories
- Jewelry: Arab women adorned themselves with necklaces, bracelets, earrings, and rings, often made from gold, silver, or precious stones.
- Amulets: These were worn for protection and good luck.
- Weapons: Men often carried swords, daggers, and bows and arrows.
In summary, pre-Islamic Arabian clothing was diverse and reflected the cultural and social complexities of the time. The advent of Islam brought about significant changes in clothing styles, but many elements of pre-Islamic fashion continue to be reflected in modern Arab clothing.
