The Ottoman Empire was predominantly Sunni Muslim.
The Ottoman state was established by Osman I in the 13th century, and its rulers were committed to upholding Sunni Islam as the official religion of the empire. This commitment was reflected in various aspects of Ottoman life, including:
- Political Leadership: The Ottoman sultans were considered the Caliphs, the successors to the Prophet Muhammad, and were responsible for upholding Islamic law.
- Religious Institutions: The Ottoman Empire established a complex system of religious institutions, including mosques, madrasas (schools), and courts that adhered to Sunni jurisprudence.
- Social Practices: Sunni Islamic practices, such as daily prayers, fasting during Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca, were widespread throughout the empire.
While the Ottoman Empire was predominantly Sunni, it did tolerate other religious groups, including Shia Muslims, Christians, and Jews. However, these groups faced certain restrictions and were often subject to discriminatory policies.
The Ottoman Empire's embrace of Sunni Islam played a significant role in its history and development. It helped to unify the empire's diverse population, provided a basis for its legal system, and contributed to its cultural and intellectual flourishing.
