No, Shah Jahan did not marry Mumtaz Mahal's daughter. Shah Jahan was married to Mumtaz Mahal, and they had fourteen children together. After Mumtaz Mahal's death, Shah Jahan did not remarry.
While Shah Jahan's son, Aurangzeb, eventually ascended to the throne, there is no historical record of Shah Jahan marrying any of his daughters-in-law.