The answer is a resounding yes, skin can burn underwater.
While it might seem counterintuitive, sunlight can penetrate water, especially clear water, and cause sunburn. The depth at which sunlight can reach and cause sunburn varies depending on factors like water clarity, time of day, and the angle of the sun.
Here's why:
- Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation: The sun emits UV radiation, which is responsible for sunburn. While water absorbs some UV radiation, it doesn't block all of it.
- Water Clarity: Clear water allows more UV radiation to penetrate deeper than murky or cloudy water.
- Depth: The deeper you go, the less UV radiation reaches. However, even at moderate depths, enough UV radiation can still cause sunburn.
- Time of Day: Sunburn is more likely during midday when the sun is directly overhead.
Examples of Underwater Sunburns:
- Snorkeling: Spending hours snorkeling in clear water can easily lead to sunburn, especially on the back and shoulders.
- Scuba Diving: Even at deeper depths, some UV radiation can penetrate and cause sunburn, particularly in tropical waters.
- Swimming Pools: While pool water may seem less intense, it can still reflect UV radiation, increasing your risk of sunburn.
Practical Tips to Prevent Underwater Sunburns:
- Sunscreen: Apply waterproof sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher to all exposed skin, even if you're only in the water for a short time. Reapply every two hours, especially after swimming or sweating.
- Protective Clothing: Wear a rash guard or wetsuit for added protection.
- Limit Sun Exposure: Avoid being in the sun during peak hours (10 am to 4 pm) when UV radiation is strongest.
- Seek Shade: Take breaks from the sun and seek shade whenever possible.
