Genes themselves are not inherently male or female. The concept of "male" or "female" genes is a simplification. Instead, genes are often associated with specific sex chromosomes, which are chromosomes that determine an individual's sex.
Sex Chromosomes and Gene Expression
- Humans have two sex chromosomes: X and Y.
- Females typically have two X chromosomes (XX), while males typically have one X and one Y chromosome (XY).
- Some genes located on the X chromosome are expressed differently in males and females due to the presence of only one X chromosome in males.
- The Y chromosome contains a gene called SRY, which triggers the development of male characteristics.
Example:
- Hemophilia: This is a genetic disorder caused by a gene on the X chromosome. Since males only have one X chromosome, they are more likely to inherit hemophilia if their mother carries the gene.
Key Points:
- Genes are not inherently male or female.
- Sex chromosomes, such as X and Y, influence the expression of certain genes.
- The Y chromosome contains the SRY gene, which determines male characteristics.
