A tree cleft is a type of grafting technique used to join two branches or scions (shoots) of different trees together. This method is particularly useful for changing the variety of fruit on an existing tree or for repairing damaged branches.
How Cleft Grafting Works
- Preparing the Rootstock: A strong, healthy branch or trunk is selected on the existing tree (the rootstock). A V-shaped cut is made in the rootstock, creating a "cleft" or opening.
- Preparing the Scion: A scion, which is a small, healthy branch from the desired variety of tree, is prepared with a wedge-shaped cut that fits snugly into the cleft of the rootstock.
- Inserting the Scion: The scion is carefully inserted into the cleft, ensuring that the cambium layers (the layer just beneath the bark) of the scion and rootstock align.
- Securing the Graft: The scion is held securely in place with grafting tape or wax, which prevents the graft from drying out and allows for proper healing.
Advantages of Cleft Grafting
- Change Tree Varieties: Cleft grafting enables you to change the type of fruit produced by an existing tree without having to plant a new one.
- Repair Damaged Branches: It can be used to mend broken or damaged branches, allowing the tree to continue growing and producing fruit.
- Multiple Scion Insertion: This method allows for multiple scions to be inserted into the rootstock, increasing the chances of successful grafting.
Examples of Cleft Grafting
- Changing Apple Varieties: A homeowner may want to switch from producing Granny Smith apples to Honeycrisp apples. By cleft grafting Honeycrisp scions onto the existing Granny Smith tree, they can enjoy a new variety of apples.
- Repairing a Broken Limb: A strong wind may have broken a branch on a pear tree. By grafting a scion from the same variety of pear onto the broken branch, the tree can be restored to its original shape and fruit production.
