Ozone is a powerful molecule that can be both beneficial and harmful to humans, depending on its location.
Ozone in the Stratosphere: A Protective Shield
The ozone layer in the stratosphere, located about 10-50 kilometers above Earth's surface, is crucial for life on our planet. This layer acts as a natural shield, absorbing harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.
- UV radiation can cause skin cancer, cataracts, and other health problems.
- Ozone in the stratosphere prevents most of these harmful rays from reaching the Earth's surface.
Ozone at Ground Level: A Health Hazard
However, ozone at ground level, also known as tropospheric ozone, is a major air pollutant. It forms when sunlight interacts with nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from sources like cars, power plants, and industrial facilities.
- Breathing in ozone can damage the lungs, trigger asthma attacks, and worsen respiratory illnesses.
- High levels of ozone can also harm plants and ecosystems.
Maintaining a Balance
Therefore, while ozone is essential for life in the stratosphere, it's detrimental to human health at ground level. Maintaining a healthy balance of ozone in the atmosphere is critical for protecting both humans and the environment.
