Starting a turbine generator is a multi-step process that involves a sequence of actions to bring the generator online safely and efficiently.
1. Pre-Startup Checks:
Before starting the turbine generator, it's crucial to perform essential pre-startup checks:
- Inspect the turbine and generator: Verify the condition of the turbine blades, bearings, and generator windings for any visible damage or wear.
- Check the lubrication system: Ensure adequate oil levels and pressure in the lubrication system.
- Verify cooling water supply: Confirm the availability and pressure of cooling water for the turbine and generator.
- Inspect the control system: Ensure all control instruments and systems are functioning correctly.
- Review safety procedures: Familiarize yourself with the emergency shutdown procedures and safety protocols.
2. Turbine Start-Up:
The turbine start-up procedure typically involves the following steps:
- Open the fuel valve: Gradually increase the fuel flow to the turbine, allowing it to slowly accelerate.
- Monitor the turbine speed: Observe the turbine speed and ensure it increases smoothly and reaches the desired operating speed.
- Check the lubricating oil pressure: Monitor the oil pressure to ensure adequate lubrication during the start-up process.
- Inspect the vibration levels: Verify that the turbine vibrations are within acceptable limits.
3. Generator Synchronization:
Once the turbine reaches the desired operating speed, the generator needs to be synchronized with the electrical grid:
- Adjust the generator voltage: Ensure the generator voltage matches the grid voltage.
- Match the generator frequency: Align the generator frequency to the grid frequency.
- Adjust the phase angle: Synchronize the generator phase angle with the grid phase angle.
- Close the generator breaker: Once the generator is synchronized, close the breaker to connect it to the grid.
4. Load Increase:
After the generator is connected to the grid, the load can be gradually increased:
- Monitor the generator output: Observe the generator output and ensure it remains within the specified limits.
- Adjust the turbine speed: Adjust the turbine speed to meet the increasing load demand.
- Check the generator temperature: Monitor the generator temperature and ensure it doesn't exceed the safe operating range.
5. Post-Start-Up Checks:
After the generator is running at full load, perform the following checks:
- Verify the generator performance: Ensure the generator is operating at its rated capacity and efficiency.
- Monitor the system parameters: Continuously monitor the turbine and generator parameters, including speed, voltage, current, and temperature.
- Inspect for any anomalies: Look for any unusual sounds, vibrations, or readings that might indicate a problem.
By following these steps and adhering to safety procedures, you can safely and efficiently start a turbine generator, ensuring its smooth operation and reliable power generation.
