Resistors can be connected in a circuit in two main ways: series and parallel.
Series Connection
In a series connection, resistors are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for current to flow. Imagine a line of dominoes: if you push the first one, the force travels through each domino in sequence.
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Example: Imagine a string of Christmas lights. Each bulb represents a resistor. If one bulb burns out, the entire string goes dark because the current flow is interrupted.
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Key Features:
- Total Resistance: The total resistance in a series circuit is the sum of all individual resistances.
- Current: The current is the same through each resistor.
- Voltage: The total voltage is divided among the resistors.
Parallel Connection
In a parallel connection, resistors are connected side-by-side, providing multiple paths for current to flow. Think of a fork in the road: the cars can choose to travel on either path.
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Example: Think of a household electrical outlet. Multiple appliances can be plugged in and operate independently, each drawing current from the same source.
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Key Features:
- Total Resistance: The total resistance in a parallel circuit is less than the smallest individual resistance.
- Voltage: The voltage is the same across each resistor.
- Current: The total current is divided among the resistors.
Understanding how resistors are connected is crucial for analyzing and designing circuits. The choice of connection method depends on the desired behavior of the circuit.
