How Does an Inductive Sensor Work?

An inductive sensor works by detecting changes in the magnetic field around a coil of wire.

The Basics of Inductive Sensing

The Coil: Inductive sensors contain a coil of wire. When an electrical current flows through this coil, it generates a magnetic field around it.
Target Object: When a metal object (the target) enters the magnetic field, it disrupts the field. This disruption changes the inductance of the coil.
Inductance Changes: The change in inductance is measured by the sensor's electronics. This change is then converted into an electrical signal.
Signal Interpretation: The electrical signal is interpreted by the sensor's circuitry, which determines the presence or absence of the target object, its distance, or its speed.

Proximity Sensing: Inductive sensors are commonly used for proximity sensing. When a metal object gets close to the sensor, the magnetic field changes, triggering the sensor's output.
Position Sensing: By measuring the strength of the magnetic field, inductive sensors can determine the position of a metal object.
Speed Sensing: Inductive sensors can also be used to measure the speed of a moving metal object.

Inductive Proximity Sensors: These sensors are used to detect the presence of a metal object within a certain distance.
Inductive Displacement Sensors: These sensors measure the distance between the sensor and a target object.
Inductive Speed Sensors: These sensors measure the speed of a moving metal object.

High Reliability: Inductive sensors are known for their reliability and durability.
Non-Contact Sensing: They can detect objects without physical contact, making them suitable for applications where contamination or wear is a concern.
Versatile Applications: Inductive sensors are used in a wide range of applications, including automation, robotics, manufacturing, and automotive.

Automotive: Engine control, ABS systems, and tire pressure monitoring systems.
Manufacturing: Metal detection, part sorting, and robotic control.
Robotics: Position sensing and obstacle detection.
Consumer Electronics: Touchscreen technology, proximity sensors in smartphones.