A PhD student is typically called a doctoral student, doctoral candidate, or simply PhD candidate.
Other terms used:
- Graduate student: This term is used broadly for anyone pursuing a graduate degree, including master's and PhD students.
- Research student: This term is sometimes used for PhD students, especially in research-intensive fields.
- Postgraduate student: This term is also used broadly for anyone pursuing a graduate degree after completing their undergraduate studies.
Formal vs. Informal Language:
- Formal: Doctoral student or PhD candidate
- Informal: Grad student, PhD student
The specific term used can vary depending on the context and the institution. However, all of these terms refer to a person who is enrolled in a PhD program and working towards completing their dissertation.