PTM in biology stands for Post-Translational Modification.
Post-translational modifications are changes made to a protein after its translation from mRNA. These modifications play a crucial role in regulating protein function, structure, and localization.
Some common types of PTMs include:
- Phosphorylation: Addition of a phosphate group.
- Glycosylation: Addition of a carbohydrate group.
- Acetylation: Addition of an acetyl group.
- Ubiquitination: Addition of a ubiquitin protein.
- Methylation: Addition of a methyl group.
These modifications can affect protein activity, stability, and interactions with other molecules.
For example, phosphorylation can activate or deactivate an enzyme, glycosylation can alter protein folding and stability, and ubiquitination can target proteins for degradation.
