Skin pigmentation is called melanin.
What is Melanin?
Melanin is a natural pigment produced by specialized cells called melanocytes. It is responsible for the color of our skin, hair, and eyes.
Types of Melanin
There are two main types of melanin:
- Eumelanin: This type of melanin gives brown and black coloration.
- Pheomelanin: This type of melanin gives red and yellow coloration.
Factors Affecting Melanin Production
Several factors influence melanin production, including:
- Genetics: Your genes determine how much melanin your body produces.
- Sun Exposure: Sunlight stimulates melanocytes to produce more melanin, which leads to tanning.
- Hormones: Hormones can also influence melanin production. For example, during pregnancy, increased hormone levels can cause darkening of the skin, known as melasma.
Importance of Melanin
Melanin plays a crucial role in protecting our skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. It absorbs UV rays, preventing them from damaging our DNA and causing skin cancer.
