There are 20 different side chains in the amino acids that make up proteins.
Each amino acid has a unique side chain, which is a group of atoms that extends from the central carbon atom of the amino acid. These side chains give each amino acid its unique properties and contribute to the overall structure and function of a protein.
Here are some examples of different side chains and their properties:
- Glycine (Gly): The simplest amino acid with a single hydrogen atom as its side chain. It is small and flexible, allowing for greater flexibility in protein structure.
- Alanine (Ala): Has a methyl group as its side chain. It is nonpolar and hydrophobic, meaning it avoids water.
- Aspartic acid (Asp): Has a carboxyl group as its side chain. It is acidic and hydrophilic, meaning it attracts water.
- Lysine (Lys): Has a primary amine group as its side chain. It is basic and hydrophilic.
These are just a few examples of the diverse range of side chains that exist. The unique combination of side chains in a protein determines its three-dimensional structure and ultimately its function.
