Focus groups are a popular method for gathering qualitative data, and citing them properly in APA style is essential for academic integrity. Here's how to cite a focus group in APA:
- If you conducted the focus group: You don't need to include a reference list entry for your own focus group. However, you should cite any direct quotes from participants within your text using the following format: "Quote" (Participant A, personal communication, [date]).
- If you are citing someone else's focus group: Include a reference list entry for the source where the focus group data was presented. If the focus group data is presented in a publication, cite it as you would any other source. If the focus group data is unpublished, you can cite it as personal communication, like this: (Author, personal communication, [date]).
Example:
- Within text: "The participants felt strongly that the new product was poorly designed" (Participant B, personal communication, May 10, 2023).
- Reference list: (If the focus group data is published) Author, A. (Year). Title of the publication where the focus group data was presented. Publication details.
Important Considerations:
- Always ensure you obtain informed consent from focus group participants before conducting the group and recording their responses.
- When including quotes from participants, be mindful of privacy and confidentiality.
- Follow the guidelines in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) for further details.
