The number one killer of lambs is disease.
Lambs are particularly susceptible to various diseases, especially during their first few weeks of life. These diseases can be caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or even nutritional deficiencies.
Some of the most common diseases that affect lambs include:
- Scrapie: A fatal, degenerative neurological disease that affects the brain and spinal cord.
- Footrot: A highly contagious bacterial infection that affects the hooves.
- Pneumonia: An inflammation of the lungs that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites.
- Enterotoxemia: A serious bacterial infection that affects the intestines.
- Clostridial diseases: A group of bacterial infections that can cause various symptoms, including diarrhea, paralysis, and death.
While disease is the primary cause of lamb mortality, other factors can also contribute to their death, such as:
- Predation: Predators like coyotes, foxes, and birds of prey can kill lambs, especially young and vulnerable ones.
- Weather: Extreme weather conditions, such as heat stress or cold stress, can be fatal to lambs.
- Injury: Lambs can be injured during birth, handling, or from accidents.
- Malnutrition: Lambs that do not receive adequate nutrition are more susceptible to disease and death.
To minimize lamb mortality, farmers and ranchers can implement various strategies, including:
- Vaccination: Vaccinating lambs against common diseases can help protect them from infection.
- Good hygiene: Maintaining good hygiene practices in the lambing area can help prevent the spread of disease.
- Proper nutrition: Providing lambs with adequate nutrition can help them develop strong immune systems.
- Predator control: Taking steps to control predators can help protect lambs from attack.
- Monitoring: Regularly monitoring lambs for signs of illness or injury can help identify problems early.
