The sternohyoid is a long, thin muscle located in the front of the neck. It runs from the sternum (breastbone) to the hyoid bone, which is a small, U-shaped bone located in the neck.
Function of the Sternohyoid
The sternohyoid muscle plays a crucial role in depressing the hyoid bone, which helps with:
- Swallowing: When you swallow, the hyoid bone moves upward, and the sternohyoid helps to pull it back down.
- Speech: The sternohyoid also helps to stabilize the hyoid bone, which is important for clear speech.
- Head movement: Although its primary function is not related to head movement, the sternohyoid can assist with tilting the head backward.
Anatomy of the Sternohyoid
- Origin: The sternohyoid originates from the superior surface of the manubrium of the sternum, which is the upper part of the breastbone.
- Insertion: It inserts into the inferior border of the body of the hyoid bone.
- Nerve Supply: The sternohyoid is innervated by the ansa cervicalis, a loop of nerves that arises from the cervical plexus.
- Blood Supply: The sternohyoid receives blood supply from the superior thyroid artery.
Clinical Significance
- Injury: Injury to the sternohyoid can lead to difficulty swallowing or speaking.
- Surgery: The sternohyoid muscle may be used in reconstructive surgery, such as in cases of facial trauma.
