Currently, unmarried couples cannot legally adopt in Japan. The Japanese Civil Code only permits married couples to adopt.
This legal framework has faced criticism for being outdated and discriminatory. While Japan has made some progress in recognizing same-sex partnerships, adoption remains a significant hurdle for unmarried couples, including same-sex couples.
However, it's important to note that there are alternative pathways for unmarried couples to build families:
- Custody Agreements: Unmarried parents can create legal custody agreements, ensuring both parents have legal rights and responsibilities regarding their children.
- Special Needs Adoption: In certain cases, unmarried individuals or couples may be eligible to adopt children with special needs.
- Foster Care: Unmarried individuals or couples can become foster parents, providing temporary care for children in need.
While the legal landscape surrounding adoption in Japan remains restrictive for unmarried couples, ongoing social and legal discussions may lead to future changes.
